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Stamp duty land tax (SDLT) is a tax payable when buying residential property in England or Northern Ireland. The amount depends on the property's price, your residency status, and whether it鈥檚 your first or only property. If you鈥檙e buying property in Scotland, you鈥檒l pay land and build transaction tax (LBTT) instead.

Stamp duty applies to residential house purchases over a threshold of £125,000. If you鈥檇 like to calculate the stamp duty on a non-residential asset, such as a mixed-use property, visit our commercial stamp duty calculator.

Yes. First-time buyers are exempt from stamp duty on homes worth up to £300,000. For properties between £300,001 and £500,000, you鈥檒l pay 5% on the portion above £300,000. If the property price is over £500,000, there is no specific relief 鈥� you鈥檒l pay the standard rates, starting at £125,001.

It鈥檚 a tiered system, so different parts of the price are taxed at different rates. For example, a £600,000 property for a home mover would be charged as follows

0% on the first £125,000 = £0
2% on the next £125,000 = £2,500
5% on the next £350,000 = £17,500
Total SDLT = £20,000

In total, this amounts to 3.33% of the sale price.

You鈥檒l usually pay a 5% surcharge on top of standard rates when buying a second home or buy-to-let investment, up to a maximum of 17% for property values over £1.5m. This applies even if your main home is overseas. The first £40,000 is also exempt.

In April 2021, a 2% stamp duty surcharge for overseas buyers purchasing residential property in England and Northern Ireland was introduced. The surcharge applies to any type of non-resident buyer (company or individual), subject to a few exceptions for specific collective investment vehicles such as real estate investment trusts (REITs). The surcharge is levied in addition to the 3% buy-to-let and second homes charge, the flat 15% stamp duty rate on purchases worth more than £500,000 by companies acting as envelopes, and the existing stamp duty rates for home buyers.

• If you鈥檙e an individual considered a non-UK resident (i.e. if you are not present in the UK for at least 183 days (6 months) during the 12 months before your purchase).
• If you鈥檙e buying with someone else and any of you individually are a non-UK resident, then all buyers are treated as non-UK residents for the transaction.
• But if you鈥檙e buying with a spouse or cohabitating civil partner, then as long as you鈥檙e not separated and neither of you is acting as a trustee of a settlement, if one of you is a UK resident then you鈥檙e both treated as UK residents for the transaction.

The 2% surcharge won鈥檛 apply to certain transactions, including

• Purpose-built student accommodation
• Residential property subject to commercial property rates
• Property you lease if your lease is for 7 years or less
• If the non-resident is a Crown employee (this is a limited exception)

Buy-to-let and second home buyers in England and Wales pay an additional 5% on each stamp duty band, starting at £40,001. Learn more about second homes or buy-to-let stamp duty.

Stamp duty must be paid to HMRC within 14 days of completing your property purchase. Your solicitor will usually handle this as part of the transaction. You may risk a fine if you don鈥檛 meet the deadline.

Some buyers choose to borrow additional funds to cover the cost of stamp duty, but it means paying interest on the tax. A can help you weigh the options.

In most cases, your solicitor will take care of the paperwork on your behalf. You can also do this yourself by following the steps on the .